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Since the days of the Roman Empire transportation networks have been one of the cornerstones for the strength and stability of states. Maintaining the availability of roads and the safety of travelers was always an important challenge for rulers and governments. Transportation systems in most of modern countries are considered nowadays relatively safe. However, maintaining their safety requires constant monitoring and law enforcement. With the increase in the complexity of transportation systems, combining various types of land, air and marine vehicles, both private and public, the challenge of monitoring them becomes both increasingly difficult and important. In fact, attackers and disturbing factors that threaten transportation networks usually get to their destination using this network as well. For example, a group of terrorists that are planning to carry out an attack (such as hijacking an airplane or exploding a subway station) will most likely get to their destination using some means of transportation. When it comes to their security profile, transportation networks, therefore, have a unique feature, being both a potential target for an attack and the mean to carry it.
